阿迪达斯:如果这鞋适合的话......
译者按:阿迪达斯与锐步的“姻亲”是典型的取长补短,阿迪达斯在专业运动尤其是足球运动方面是独领风骚,而锐步则把时尚成功引入运动准备;阿迪达斯在欧洲和亚洲都很强大,而锐步在北美表现十分出色,二者结合是相得益彰,十分的互补。
近年来有人主张中国的运动鞋也应该走合并壮大规模之路,此举应该十分的慎重为妙。目前中国的国产运动鞋市场上虽然有不少的品牌,但是这些品牌的定位模糊,特质也不明显。没有特质,就谈不上互补,勉强的合并只能把“肥马拖瘦,瘦马拖死”,中国的运动鞋市场还在发展之中,远未及欧洲和北美市场的成熟,尘埃落定之时可能还要许多年之后。
首席执行官赫伯特.海勒(Herbert Hainer)说明了锐步交易后的逻辑,以及他为什么把合并后的公司视为一个巨大的进步。
阿迪达斯-萨拉蒙的首席执行官赫伯特.海纳可能是欧洲身体最好的CEO之一,证据就是他经常穿着他的公司最具有标志性之一的产品:跑鞋。这位瘦长的前半职业足球运动员最近几周需要耗费大量的精力,因为他最终毅然决定了阿迪达斯38亿美元对总部在坎顿(Canton)(马萨诸塞州)的体育服装制造商锐步国际的并购。
在8月3日宣布这个交易之前,海纳和他的员工和顾问在阿迪达斯的总部巴伐利亚(Bavarian)的赫尔佐根奥拉赫(Herzogenaurach)通宵达旦的工作。之后,海纳立即展开世界之旅向投资界宣传这笔交易的价值,他在法兰克福与《商业周刊》(美国,译者注)的欧洲地区的编辑杰克.艾得文(Jack Ewing)展开了对话,下面是他们对话的节选:
问:你刚刚完成了在伦敦和法兰克福的巡回说明,下周还将在纽约和波士顿重演,你希望从投资者和分析家那里得到怎样的反应?
答:良好的反应,我估计。最好的衡量办法总是股票价格,股价的反应相当积极。我想大多数人的反应都是积极的。
问:在交易宣布之后,你在电话会议上提到并购将会提升你们的产品研发,你打算将来合并阿迪达斯和锐步的研发部门吗?
答:我们肯定会保持两个品牌的分离,但是它们肯定会在研发方面分享更多的信息,例如专利和新技术。
我们的研发部门可以比在阿迪达斯公司之内有更多的创新和新技术。你需要资金,你需要人才,你需要精力,所有的这些东西你都肯定可以在更宽的基础上来分享。一个技术可以从阿迪达斯品牌开始,在一年后引进到锐步。
问:有一个概念是阿迪达斯代表了德国的工程师,是跑鞋中的宝马(the BMW),而锐步更多的是街头的时尚,这一点对吗?毕竟,你来自宝洁(Procter & Gamble)而不是宝马。
答:但是我们刚刚宣布了一个与保时捷(Porsche)的合作!我要说对德国人来说,(这个概念)它是一个陈辞滥调?这一点过去是对的,现在我不敢肯定。我们现在肯定是更加专业的体育方面的品牌,希望成为在革新和向市场推出新技术产品方面的领袖。而锐步更多的是美国的运动和生活方式-受到音乐鼓动的品牌。
问:你说了品牌的特质将保持分离,你认为品牌的特质将会彻底的改变吗?
答:不,我不这样认为。我们肯定是较多的植根于欧洲的体育、例如足球方面的运动品牌。锐步更多的是与美国体育联系在一起,例如棒球和美式足球。
问:你如何保证增效的效应,同时,保持每个品牌的特质?
答:我认为这两个品牌是十分互补的,从地域开始。锐步在美国比我们要强,但是我们在欧洲和亚洲要强得多。当你注意运动的种类…他们在女性业务方面十分强劲,(尤其是)女性有氧健身。我们有个人运动,跑步和网球。
消费者的基础是不同的,我们朝向的是真正的运动员和体育专业人士,而锐步更多的是时尚和音乐联系在一起。锐步在城市黑人的市场上无疑比我我们强得多,这方面我们根本没有消费者的基础。
问:哪些部门你想组合到一起,哪些你想保持分离?
答:前台,营销和销售,我们将保持分离。所有的后台,行政,我们肯定会合并。无疑我们能够做很多事,从媒体的竞买权到外包,我们的产品外包接近50亿欧元(61.5亿美元),肯定有增效的方面。
问:例如,你将会有联合的媒体竟买,但是富有创造力的广告方面将保持分离?
答:完全正确。涉及到媒体竟买的时候,当然我们会运用这一点获取规模上的经济好处。
问:让我们回到这个是如何开始的,你和锐步的CEO保罗.费尔曼(Paul Fireman)是在去年的雅典奥运会上初次相遇的?
答:我认识保罗已经好几年了,我们之前在好几个场合都碰过面。我们因为生意的原因都在雅典,我们一起喝了次咖啡。我们谈到了生意、市场,当然还有美国,因为我们两个都不满意我们在美国的地位,如果与我们的主要竞争者(耐克)比较的话。这个我把它称为起点。
(后来)我们通过电话保持联系。之后,我想该是在11月,我在美国的事办完了,就给保罗打了个电话,说:“有时间吃午饭吗?”我们坐到了一起--然后,这个主意真的变成了现实,密集的商谈开始了。
问:你认为与锐步的谈判中最艰难的部分是什么?
答:我确实也认为这对于保罗来说这是一个伤感的决定,因为这是它的孩子。他建立了这个公司,让它成长起来--要卖掉它并不容易。但是他是一个非常职业的生意人,你可以从他的感受中了解到,“如果我想看到我的公司在未来继续成长,健康发展,那么最好是我与别人同行。”对于他而言,显而易见的伙伴就是阿迪达斯。
问:为什么这个比萨拉蒙(这个滑雪和体育装备制造商正在卖给芬兰的Amer体育公司的程序之中)的并购要好?
答:我希望我们已经从萨拉蒙的并购中了解到什么做对了,什么做错了。公平的讲,在萨拉蒙里面,Taylor Made(高尔夫产品)部分表现得非常之好,萨拉蒙的部分经营得不好。冬季运动和装备业务是与运动鞋和服装完全不同的东西。
锐步的生意--这是我们已经从事了75年事情,营销运动鞋和服装。我们熟悉这一行业的所有运动员,我们熟悉如何生产,我们熟悉如何营销,我们熟悉零售伙伴,我们熟悉锐步的实力与弱点,因为我们的工作就是分析竞争对手。这与8年前是完全不同的事情。
问:你预计你的这个动作会引发这一行业其它动作吗?
答:我个人认为合并还会继续。
问:什么样的交易我们将会看到?
答:我不知道。昨天每一个人都在猜测耐克是否会收购彪马。
(引自Business Week,翻译:Rainpoem)
Adidas:If the shoes fits…
CEO Herbert Hainer explains the logic behind the Reebok deal, and why he sees the combined outfit making great strides
Adidas-Salomon CEO Herbert Hainer may be one of the fittest CEOs in Europe -- testimony to how much time he spends using one of his company s signature products: running shoes. The slender, former semi-pro soccer player needed plenty of stamina in recent weeks as he feverishly put the final touches on Adidas $3.8 billion acquisition of Canton (Mass.) -based sports apparel maker Reebok International (see BW Online, 8/4/05, "Reebok and Adidas: A Good Fit").
Before announcing the deal Aug. 3, Hainer and his staff and advisers worked through the night at Adidas headquarters in the Bavarian town of Herzogenaurach. Then Hainer immediately set out on a worldwide tour to sell the investment community on the merits of the deal. He took time to speak with BusinessWeek European Regional Editor Jack Ewing in Frankfurt. Edited excerpts of their conversation follow:
Q: You ve just done road shows in London and Frankfurt, and next week you ll be doing the same in New York and Boston. What kind of reaction are you getting from investors and analysts?
A: Good, I guess. The best measurement is always the share price, and the share price reacted quite positively. I believe the majority of people are reacting positively.
Q: On the conference call after the deal was announced you mentioned that the acquisition will improve your product development. Are you going to be combining Adidas and Reebok research and development?
A: We definitely will keep the two brands separated but they definitely will share much more information on the R&D side, such as patents or new technology.
Our R&D department is developing more innovations and technologies than we can launch within the Adidas group. You need the money, you need the people, you need the energy and [all] this you can definitely share on a much broader base. A certain technology could start with the Adidas brand and be introduced to Reebok a year later.
Q: There is a perception that Adidas represents the German engineers, the BMW of running shoes, while Reebok (RBK ) is more the style of the street. Is that true? After all, you come from Procter & Gamble (PG ), not BMW.
A: But we have just announced a cooperation with Porsche! I would say for the Germans [the perception] is a clich?that was right in the past. I m not sure it s correct now. We are definitely the more dedicated sports- performance brand which wants to be the leader in innovation and bringing new technological performance products to the market. Whereas Reebok is much more the American sports and lifestyle- and music-inspired brand.
Q: You said the brand identities are going to remain separate. Do you see the brand identities changing at all?
A: No, I don t think so. We will definitely be the sports-performance brand rooted in more European sports like football. Reebok is much more linked with American sports such as baseball, American football.
Q: How do you make sure you get the synergies and, at the same time, keep each brand s identity?
A: I believe the brands are very complementary. Start with the geographical areas. Reebok is stronger in the U.S. than we, but we are much stronger in Europe and Asia. When you look at sports categories...they are very strong in women s business, [especially] women s aerobic fitness. We have the individual sports, running or tennis.
The consumer base is different. We go to the real athletes and sports performance people, where Reebok is more linked to fashion and music. Reebok is definitely much [stronger] with the black urban market, where we don t have a consumer base at all.
Q: Which departments do you put together and which do you keep separate?
A: The front end, marketing and sales, we will keep separate. All the back office, administration, we definitely will combine. We definitely can do a lot. It starts with our buying power in the media, and sourcing. We are sourcing close to 5 billion euros ($6.15 billion) in products. There must be synergies you can take out.
Q: For instance, you would have joint media buying, but the creative side of your advertising will stay separate?
A: Exactly. When it comes to media buying, of course we will use that to get some economies of scale.
Q: Let s go back to how this got started. You and Reebok CEO Paul Fireman first met at the Athens Olympics last year?
A: I ve known Paul for several years and we had met before on several occasions. We were for business reasons both in Athens. We had a cup of coffee. We talked about the business, about the market, and of course about the U.S. because we both are not happy about our position in the U.S. vis-a-vis our main competitor [Nike (NKE )]. This I would call the starting point.
[Afterward] we stayed in contact via telephone. Then, I think it was in November, I was over in the U.S. and I called Paul and said, "Do you have time for lunch?" We were sitting together -- and then the idea really became reality. And the intense discussions started.
Q: What was the most difficult part of the Reebok negotiations?
A: I do believe for Paul it was an emotional decision as well because this is his baby, he founded the company, he built it up -- to sell it is not so easy. But he is a very professional business guy. You can see he felt, "If I want to see my company growing in the future and staying healthy then it is better I go together with somebody." It was clear the obvious partner for him was Adidas.
Q: Why will this work better than your acquisition of Salomon [the ski and sports equipment maker which Adidas is in the process of selling to Finland s Amer Sports Corp.]?
A: I hope we have learned out of the Salomon acquisition what went well and what went wrong. It s fair to say within Salomon that the Taylor Made [golf products] part went extremely well. The Salomon part didn t run so well. The winter [sports] and hardware business is a different animal than the sneaker and apparel business.
The Reebok business -- this is what we ve been doing for 75 years, marketing sport shoes and apparel. We know all the players in the industry, we know how to produce, we know how to market, we know the retail partners. We know the strengths and weaknesses of Reebok because our job was to analyze our competitors. This is definitely a different thing than eight years ago.
Q: Do you expect the move you have made to prompt other moves in the industry?
A: I personally believe consolidation will continue.
Q: Any ideas about what kind of deals we might see?
A: I don t know. Everybody was speculating yesterday whether Nike is buying Puma.
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